Multiplying machine



Jan. 12,1943. K. c. ATWATER 2,308,259

MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 3. 1940 7 Sheets-Sheet l 4llr=vi L 1 immmui \wmmll- INVENT KENNETH C. AT 75/? BY A ATTORNEY Jan. 12,1943. K. c. ATWATER 2,303,259

MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 5, 194 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 IILSIQII V INVENTOR V KENNETH C. ATWATER BY K M ATTORNEY Jan. 12, 1943.- K. c. ATWATER 2,303,259

MULTIPLYING MACHINE Fil'd' Aug'. 3, 1940 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 [RA/T 34.- I

56 REG. SUB-TOTAL nsarom. REG. NON-Ag) INVENTOR KENNETH c. ATM A751? TTORNEY Jan. 12, 1943. K. c. ATWATER 2,308,259

MULTIPLYING' mourns Filed Aug. 3, 1940 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR KENNETH C. ATWATER ATTORNEY Jan. 12, 1943. K; c. ATWATER 'MUIJTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR KENNETH C. ATWATER ATTORNEY Jan. 12, 1943. K. c. ATWATER 2,308,259

MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 'T Sheets-Sheet 6 RIQ INVENTOR KENNETH C ATWATH? TTORNEY Jan. 12, 1943. K. c. ATWATER MULTIPLYING MACHINE Filed Aug. 5, 1940 'T Sheets-Sheet '7 mouaazaz 257532 a A n NH 3 cum m o w v N N m n m ooSn b x. Q Q o o (IIJIIL wzuk E r532 m u w v N o INVENTOR ATTORNEY KENNETH C. ATM/ATER 556% 8 M255. 3233 E 52%. Fz8z 3 53%; 03E 5 Guam. -65: 2 Ezaioz @Hiw $55 Patented Jan. 12, 1943 .UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MULTIPLYING MACHINE Kenneth C. Atwater, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application August 3, 1940, Serial No. 350,340 BClaims. (01. 235-60) This invention relates to accounting machines, and more particularly to multiplying mechanism in such machines.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a mechanism that will enable an accounting machine to multiply efflciently and without the necessity of providing a large number of additional parts for this purpose.

With this and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in appended claims, and a preferred embodiment of board,

Figure 3 is a right side elevation showing the mechanism for engaging the crossfooter,

Figure 4 is a right side elevation showing one of the amount type bars, the actuating mechanism for the crossiooter and registers, the engaging mechanism for the registers, and the carriage controlled selecting mechanism for the registers,

Figure 5 is a right side elevation showing the total taking, sub-total taking, and non-adding mechanisms for the crossiooter,

Figure 6 is a right side elevation showing the total taking, sub-total taking, and non-adding mechanisms for the registers,

Figure '7 is a top plan view showing the indexing mechanism, the amount repeating mechanism, and the motor or cycle repeating mechanism,

Figure 8 is a perspective showing one of the carriage control magazines on the carriage control plate, and showing the magazine slides and their latches,

Figure 9 is a top plan view showing the type bars for printing the date, folio number and amount, and the locking plate for holding down the date and folio type bars during operations where they are not needed for printing, and also showing the non-print plate used to prevent printing of amounts in certain columns,

Figure 10 is a right side'elevation showing the subtraction mechanism for the crossfooter, and the control of the non-print plate from the carriage.

Figure 11 is a perspective showing parts of the indexing mechanism, and the means for indexing a zero by movement of the paper carriage, and

Figure 12 is a diagrammatic and explanatory view showing the magazine and control lug set-up on the control plate, and indicating the machine operations carried out in the diflerent columnar positions. This view also shows a sample printing of a date, a multiplier, a multiplicand, and a product.

Th machine in which the present invention is incorporated is fully disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,194,270, issued to Oscar J. Sundstrand on March 19, 1940. This machine has five .totalizers which in the following description will be referred to as the crossfooter and registers A, B, C and D, the crossfooter being capable of adding and subtracting, and the registers being capable of adding only.

The machine has a traveling paper carriage indicated at I (Figure 1), carrying a roller platen 2 for supporting the paper that receives printing from the type bars. The traveling carriage supports a control plate 3 (Figure 4) at its rear. 'I'hecontrol plate carries a number of control magazines 4 having depending lugs for controlling the various functions of the machine. The machine is cycled either upon depression of a motor bar 5 (Figure 1) or automatically under control of the carriage, as will be later explained. Cycling of the machine consists of an oscillation of the actuating shaft 3 (Figure 4) first counterclockwise and then clockwise about ninety degrees. The actuating shaft is driven by an electric motor through sui table clutch mechanism.

Arnount and folio keys and their indexing mechanism Ten amount keys I are provided to operate the amount indexing mechanism shown in-Figures 'l and 11, so that pins 8 may be projected into the paths of pins ll supported on the ends of arms I! pivoted on amount type bars I3. Each depression of an amount key moves one of the pins 8 to the right (Figure 11) to arrest the upward movement of one of the type bars during printing of folio numbers.

Totalieers and their actuating mechanism Referring to Figures 3 and 4, the crossfooter i8 is situated between adding racks i1 and subtracting racks [8. The crossfooter is normally in mesh with the adding racks at the end of a cycle, and is moved to a neutral position between the two sets of racks at the beginning of a cycle. This movement is performed by the other parts shown in Figure 3.

At the beginning of the second half of a cycle, the crossfooter is engaged with one or the other set of racks so that it may receive an indexed number during the second half of the cycle.

Four adding registers A, B, C and D (Figure 4) are located toward the rear of the machine and are actuated by racks 2i. Only one of these registers may be engaged with the actuating racks at any one time, and the register that is engaged for an accumulating operation remains engaged at the end of the operation similarly to the crossfooter.

Actuating racks l1, l8 and 2! are connected with actuating shaft 6 for simultaneous actuation.

These mechanisms are disclosed in detail in the above mentioned patent.

Selection of totalizers The crossfooter is normally selected for operation during each machine cycle, so that no special selecting mechanism is necessary for it.

The adding registers are selected by the keys designated A, B, C and D (Figure 2) or by lugs in magazines 4 on the traveling carriage. De-

pression of one of these keys, or the presence of a lug in a magazine that has reached effective position in the lateral movement of the carriage, causes the appropriate register to be selected for engagement with actuators 2| at the beginning of the second half of the cycle.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Subtraction from the crossfooter Referring to Figure 10, depression of the crossiooter subtraction key 22, or the presence of a lug in the appropriate position in a carriage control magazine, operates slide 23 to cause cam lever 24 to be moved downwardly instead of upwardly at the beginning of the second half of a cycle to engage crossfooter IS with the subtracting racks l8, so that a number indexed on the keyboard is subtracted instead of added in the erossfooter.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Non-adding the totalizers When a number to be entered in a register is not desired in the crossfooter, the crossfooter non-add key 25 (Figure is depressed, or a carriage control lug is inserted in the appropriate location. This operates a slide 26 to prevent the crossfooter from being engaged at the beginning of the second half of a cycle, allowing the crossfooter to remain in neutral position during the descent of the type bars and actuating racks. At the very end of the cycle, a hook 21 (Figure 3 re-engages the crcssfooter with the actuating racks.

To cause non-adding of a selected register, a key 28 (Figure 6) is depressed, or a control lug is inserted in the appropriate location. This operates a slide 3i to prevent a selected register from being engaged at the beginning of the sec- 0nd half of a cycle. The register is engaged, however, at the very end of the cycle by a hook 32.

It might be noted here that the reason for selecting and non-adding a register during a particular operation is to have a particular register engaged with its actuating racks at the end of the cycle where a number was entered in the crossfooter. This makes it possible to take a total from the engaged register during the next cycle, whereas if this register had not been selected and non-added during the crossfooter accumulating cycle, it would be necessary to take a. blank cycle, to engage the register, before a total could be taken therefrom.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Taking totals and sub-totals from the totalizers To take a total from the crossfooter, key 33 (Figure 5) is depressed, or a control lug is inserted in the appropriate location. This causes a slide 35 to be moved to the left to change the timing of the operation of the crossfooter engaging mechanism so that the crossfooter remains engaged with the actuating racks only during the first half of the cycle.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

To take a sub-total from the crossfooter, the sub-total key 34 is depressed. Depression of this key, through a special lug 3% on the forward end of slide 35 and a special lug 26" on slide 26, pulls these two slides to the left to change the timing of the operation of the crossfooter engaging mechanism to permit the crossfooter to remain engaged with the actuating racks during the entire cycle. The eilfect of operating the total taking controls through operation of slide 35, and the non-adding controls through operation of slide 26 is exactly the same as obtained in the above mentioned patent by operating the subtotal slide I (Figure 27) which in turn operates slide I39 by contact with pin 203. This is obvious when it is noted that in the patent the sub-total slide I90, aside from pulling total slide I38 forward, performs exactly the same function as the non-add slide 236, that is, it operates bell crank 206 counter-clockwise. This bell crank is shown in the present drawings at 26. To take a subtotal under control of the carriage, 9. lug is placed in both the non-add and the total taking locations of the appropriate magazine. Aside from this difference in actuating total slide 35 and bell crank 26, sub-totals are taken exactly as described in the patent.

To take a total or sub-total from the registers, the appropriate key 31 or 33 (Figure 6) is depressed, or a control lug is placed in the appropriate location.

The taking of a total or sub-total from any register proceeds in a manner similar to that Just described in connection with the crossfooter.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Non-printing When it is desired that an entry not be printed on the paper during a particular cycle, a lug is inserted in the appropriate location in the control magazine associated with that cycle. This operates bell crank 4! (Figure 10), which in turn moves a link 42 to the left to lower a flange 43 on a non-print plate 44 into the path of printing hammers 45. Referring to Figure 9, it will be noted that flange 43 extends across all the hammers associated with the amount type bars I3.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Motor or cycle repeating The cycling of the machine may be controlled automatically by tabulation of the carriage from one columnar position to another, the movement of the carriage into a columnar position operating motor repeat mechanism when a carriage control lug appears in the appropriate location of the magazine moving into efiective position. The lug depresses a lever 46 (Figure 7) that operates links 41 and 48 to rotate a rod the same as though the motor bar 5 had been depressed. Rotation of rod 5| actuates a link 52 to remove a pawl 53 from a spring pressed element 54. This allows element 55 to operate and engage the clutch for one cycle of operation.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Amount and folio number repeating If it is desired to retain an indexed number in the indexing mechanism from one cycle to another, lugs-may be placed in the appropriate positions in control magazines, for this purpose.

For repeating a number indexed by the amount keys, a lug is placed in the magazine to depress a lever 55 (Figure 7). Through the connections shown in this figure, depression of this lever moves a link 56 to an ineffective position, so that a restoring arm 51 connected to the main actuating shaft 6 will not restore the indexing mechanism at the end of the cycle.

A similar train of elements is provided to retain a number indexed by the folio keys I 4. These parts are not shown in the drawings.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patent.

Releasing date and folio time bars It is desirable at times to set up a date by the date keys 58 (Figure 2) and a folio number by the folio keys i4, and to have this set-up retained for several cycles, or at times even for a large number of complete bookkeeping operations. However, it is usually desirable to have the date and folio number print only once or twice during each complete book-keeping operation. Mechanism is therefore provided to normally hold the date and folio number type bars in their lowermost positions so that they will not print.

This mechanism includes a type bar lock plate GI (Figure 9) that lies just above the rear ends of the folio type bars l5 and the date type bars 62. A connection is provided between plate 6| and the paper carriage so that a lug appropriately placed in a control magazine on the carriage will remove the plate from eil'ective position and allow these type bars to rise and print in that columnar position.

This mechanism is fully disclosedin the above mentioned patent.

Automatically indexing a zero Referring to Figure 11, a slid 63 has a flange 64 in line with the end of a link 55. Slide 53 is connected to a bell crank 66 pivoted at 51. A

appropriate position of a magazine causes the depression of a pawl 15 carried on lever I2. This depresses lever I2 and moves slide 63 to the right by the connections described. Such movement of slide 68 moves link 55 to the right, operating a bell crank I6, which in turn moves a rod TI to the right to index a zero indexing pin 8. It will be noted that'movement of slide 63 to the right operates parts 55, I6 and I1 in the same manner that they are operated by depression of the zero key.

Pawl I5 is pivoted at I8 so that return movement of the traveling carriage does not depress lever I2 and thereby index zeros at the wrong time.

The details of the zero key, parts 65, I5 and I1,

magazines (see zero indexing magazines in the fifth and ninth columnar positions, Figure 12). This prevents contact between the forward ends of these magazines and the tabulating stop lever 93, allowing the carriage to pass through these columns without stopping.

, Carriage control magazines and their lug protracting slides slides are mounted for longitudinal movement on their magazines, and that they carry cam slots such as 8| to embrace pins such as 82 extending from certain of the control lugs. pivoted to each slide at 84 and is movable to effective and ineffective positions. A stud 85 on each slide limits the movement of the latches 83.

In Figure 8 the latches are shown in their effective positions where they hold the slides in their normal positions. A spring 86, extending betweena stud 81 on each slide and a forked portion on each latch, is effective to hold-its respective latch in-either position.

when it is desired to protract the lug associated with a slide, it is only necessary for the operator to rotate the latch counter-clockwise a slight extent. This lowers the left end of the latch into alignment with an opening in an end plate 85 on the magazine. A spring 9|, connected to the magazine and to the slide, is then efiective to move the slide to the left and protract the lug associated with the slide.

It wlil be noted that the slide on the right hand side of the magazine, as viewed in Figure 8, carries a laterally extending skip cam 92. This cam normally lies in position to depress the tabulating stop lever 93 (Figure 12) so that the carriage will not stop in that columnar position.

However, it the slide that carries a skip cam is A latch 83 is to prevent the entry of an indexed amount in the crossfooter.

Removal of keyboard lock In the above mentioned patent, a keyboard lock 82! (Figure 43 of the patent) is provided to prevent amount indexing after an amount is originally indexed and the motor bar is depressed. In the patent, this look remains eifective until the indexed amount is cleared from the indexing mechanism. Therefore, if an amount is indexed on the keyboard and the motor bar depressed while the carriage is in a columnar position where an amount repeat lug appears, the lock .21 will remain efi'ective even after the cycle is completed and the motor bar is restored.

Since, in the present machine, it is necessary to index zeros periodically to an amount that is retained in the indexing mechanism for a number of cycles, this locking structure has been removed from the machine.

Multiplying formula employed Multiplication in the present structure is performed in two distinct stages, the first stage consisting of entering the multiplicand, and decimally progressed multiples of the multiplicand, into one of the registers, or the crossfooter, or both, to build up one component of the product in the register and another component of the product in the crossfooter. The second stage consists of transferring the register component to the crossfooter three times to produce a complete product in the crossfooter.

To be more specific, to multiply a multiplicand of 1 by'a multiplier of l, the multiplicand is entered in the crossfooter once during the first stage of the multiplication. Then when the register is totaled three times into the crossfooter in the second stage, since nothing was entered in the register, the amount in the crossfooter remains 1, which is the product.

To multiply a multiplicand of 1 by a multiplier of 2, the multiplicand is entered subtractively in the crossfooter and additively in the register during the first stage. Then when the register is totaled three times into the crossfooter during the second stage, a +3 is added to the ---1 that is in the crossfooter, to give a product of 2.

To multiply a multiplicand of 1 by a multiplier of 3, the multiplicand is entered in the register during the first stage. Transfer of the amount in the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces a product of 3 in the crossiooter.

To multiply a multiplicand of l by a multiplier oi 4, the multiplicand is entered in the register and in the crossiooter positively during the first stage. Transfer of the amount in the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces a product of 4 in the crossfooter.

To multiply a multiplicand of 1 by a multiplier of 5, the multiplicand is entered in the crossfooter twice and in the register once (requiring two cycyles) during the first stage. Then when the register is totaled three times into the crossfooter during the second stage, the product of 5 appears in the crossfooter.

To multiply a multiplicand of 1 by a multiplier of 6, the multiplicand is entered inthe register twice (requiring two cycles) during the first stage. Transfer of the total in the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces a product of 6 in the crossfooter.

To multiply a multiplicand 01 1 by a multiplier of 7, the multiplicand is entered in the crossfooter once and the register twice (requiring two cycles) during the first stage. Transfer of the total in the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces the product of 7 in the crossfooter.

To multiply a multiplicand of 1 by a multiplier of 8, the multiplicand is entered twice in the crossfooter and twice in the register (requiring two cycles) in the first stage. Transfer of the total from the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces the product of 8 in the crossfooter.

To multiply a multiplicand of l by a multiplier of 9, the multiplicand is entered in the crossfooter three times and in the register twice (requiring three cycles) during the first stage. Transfer of the total in the register to the crossfooter three times during the second stage produces the product of 9 in the crossfooter.

It is obvious that if this iormula is accurate for a multiplicand of 1, it will be accurate for any other multiplicand, however large.

So far the explanation has been directed to multiplying a multiplicand by a one-digit multiplier. To multiply by a multiplier having more than one digit, for instance, by the number 11, the multiplicand is first entered in the crossfooter once, as required by the units order in the multiplier. Then, to multiply the multiplicand by the l in the tens order, a zero is added to the multiplicand to raise its decimal order. This raised multiplicand is then entered in the crossfooter once for the l in the tens order of the multiplier. This is all done during the first stage of the multiplication.

If the multiplier were 61 instead of 11, the units order of the multiplier would again be handled by entering the multiplicand in the crossfooter, but this time the raised multiplicand would be entered in the register twice during the first stage so that during the second stage, transferring of the total from the register to the crossfooter would transfer 60 times the multiplicand to the crossfooter, to produce the desired product in the crossfooter.

In other words, by using the same procedure in the tens order that was used in the units order, except that in the tens order a raised multiplicand instead of the original multiplicand is used, it is possible to multiply by two decimal orders instead of one. Similarly, by again raising the multiplicand one decimal order, it is possible to multiply by a multiplier having three decimal orders.

In this manner any number of decimal orders in the multiplier may be accommodated.

The manner in which this formula is used in the present machine will now be explained.

Entry 0/ the multiplicand and multiplier The multiplicand is set up in the amount keyboard iust as any other amount is set up for entry into a totalizer, and from the beginning of the multiplying operation, use is made of the amount repeating mechanism until the multiplication is finished. The decimal value oi the multiplicand is raised periodically by the automatic zero indexing mechanism shown in Figure 11.

The multiplier is set up on the traveling carriage. Referring to Figure 12, the units order of the multiplier is set up by use of the magazines in the second, third and iourth columnar positions, the tens orderof the multiplier is set up by use of the magazines in the sixth, seventh and eighth columns, and the hundreds order of the multiplier is set up by use of the magazines in the tenth, eleventh and twelfth columns.

The manner in which the numbers to 9 are set up in each of these orders is as follows.

Referring to the magazines for setting up the units order, if a zero appears in this order, the slides a to f are left in their latched positions, as shown in Figure 12. In this position, the skip cams 92 are efiective to permit the carriage to travel through'the second, third and fourth columns without stopping. The multiplicand therefore is not entered in either the crossfooter or register.

When a. 1 appears in the units order, the operator releases slide a. This projects a motor repeat lug into efiective position and withdraws skip cam 92, to allow the carriage to stop in the second column and execute a cycle. During this cycle, the multiplicand is entered in the crossfooter, which amounts to multiplying the multiplicand by l, as explained above.

. If a 2 appears in the units order, the operator releasesslides c and d. The release of slide c allows the carriage to stop in the third column and execute a cycle. The release of slide d protracts a crossfooter subtract lug so that during the cycle the multiplicand is subtracted from the crossfooter. The presence of a B register lug in this magazine causes the multiplicand to be added in the B register during the cycle. With the multiplicand entered additively in the B register and subtractively in the crossfooter, a product of 2 times the multiplicand will appear in the crossfooter after the multiplying operation is carried through the second stage, as explained above.

Ii a 3 appears in the units order, slides e and f are released. The release of slide e allows the carriage to stop in the fourth column and causes the machine to cycle. The release of slide f protracts a crossfooter non-add lug, preventing the multiplicand from being added to the crossfooter during the cycle. The presence of a B register lug in this magazine causes the multiplicand to be entered in the B register. This produces a product of -3 times the multiplicand after the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above.

If a 4 appears in the units order, slide c is released. This allows the carriage to stop in the third column and causes the machine to cycle. During the cycle, the multiplicand-is entered in the crossfooter and in the B register, which produces a product of 4 times the multiplicand, after the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above. If a 5 appears in the units order, slides a and c are released. This allows the carriage to stop in the second and third columns. In the second column,'the multiplicand is entered in,

the crossfooter, and in the third column it is entered in the crossfooter and in the B register. This produces a product of 5 times the multiplicand, after the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above.

It a 6 appears in the units order. slides a, if and e are released. The release of slideac and d causes the multiplicand to be entered in the B register, and the crossiooter subtractively, and release of slide e causes the multiplicand to be entered in the B register, and in the crossfooter additively. The result of these two operations is to enter the multiplicand in the B register twice, the second entry of the multiplicand in the crossfooter cancelling the first entry. These entries in the crossfooter serve no useful purpose in the multiplying operation, but by employing this procedure, a mechanical set-up more complicated than the one used is avoided. With the multiplicand entered twice in the B register, a product of 6 times the multiplicand is produced after the multiplying operation is car-" ried through its second stage, as explained above.

the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above.

In an 8 appears in the units order, slides c and e are released. This causes the multiplicand to be entered in the register twice and in the crossfooter twice, which produces a product of 8 times the multiplicand after the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above.

If a 9 appears in the units order, slides a, c and e are released. This causes the multiplicand to be entered in the register twice and in the crossfooter three times. This produces a product of 9 times the multiplicand after the multiplying operation is carried through its second stage, as explained above.

It will be noted that in the above description slides a, 0, Y1, e and ,f. are employed. Similar slides are used for the tens and hundreds orders of the multiplier, as shown in Figure 12.

To aid an operator in selectively releasing the slides to set up a multiplier, a chart may be placed on the control plate. The chart may be similar to the one shown at the top of Figure 12. With such a chart the operator would set up a multiplier of as follows.

To set up the 5 in the units order, the operator releases a slide wherever the number 5 appears on the chart. As a 5 appears above slides a and 0, these two slides are released in the units order. To set up the 2 in the tens order, since 2s appear above slides c and d, these two slides are released in the tens order. To set up the 1 in the hundreds order, slide a in the hundreds order is released.

When it is desired to change the multiplier, the operator returns the slides used for the previous multiplication to their latched positions, and releases the slides appropriate to the digits appearing in the new multiplier.

Printing of the date, multiplier and multiplicand The date is set up on the keyboard and printed whenever the type bar lock plate 6i (Figure 9) is movedto ineffective position. In Figure 12 a lug to withdraw plate BI is illustrated in the seventeenth columnar position.

To print the multiplier, the number that is entered as a multiplier on the carriage is indexed on the folio keyboard and is retained in the folio index mechanism by the presence of folio repeat lugs in each of the magazines that stop the carriage for cycling. The multiplier is printed whenever plate 6i (Figure 9) is moved to ineifective position, in the seventeenth columnar position of the present set-up.

To change the number set up by the folio keys, the correction key 482, shown in the above mentioned patent, is depressed. This clears the folio indexing mechanism. The new multiplier number is then inserted.

To print the multiplicand at a desirabl location, such as at the position shown at the bottom of Figure 12, the multiplicand is entered in the A register in the first columnar position. A total taken from the A register in the seventeenth column will then produce a printing of the multiplicand along with the printing of the date and multiplier in the location shown.

An example of multiplication To multiply a multiplicand of 534.50 by a multiplier of 125, the operator releases slides a and c in the units order on the carriage, slides c and d in the tens order, and slide a in the hundreds order. The operator then indexes the multiplier of 125 on the folio keys, and indexes the multiplicand of 53450 on the amount keys, and depresses the motor bar.

In the first columnar position, 53450 is entered in the A register, in the second column 53450 is entered in the crossfooter, and in the third column 53450 is entered in the B register and in the crossfooter. The total in the crossfooter is now 106900. The fourth column is skipped.

As the carriage passes through the fifth column. a zero is indexed on the amount keyboard, so that the multiplicand now appears as 534500 in the indexing mechanism. The sixth column is skipped.

In the seventh column, 534500 is entered in the B register, and is entered subtractively in the crossfooter. This brings the total in the B register to 587950, and the total in the crossfooter to -427600. The eighth column is skipped.

As the carriage passes through the ninth column, another zero is indexed in the amount indexing mechanism, so that the multiplicand now appears as 5345000. In the tenth column, 5345000 is added in the crossfooter. The total now appearing in the crossfooter is +491'l400. The eleventh and twelfth columns are skipped.

In the thirteenth column, the machine executes a blank or spacing cycle to reset any tripped transfer mechanism and to clear the multiplicand from the amount indexing mechanism. It will be noted that amount repeat lugs appear in each of the magazines in columns one to twelve to retain the multiplicand until the first stage of the multiplication is completed. A crossfooter nonadd lug appears in the thirteenth column, 'so that the multiplicand that still appears in the indexing mechanism at the beginning of the cycle in this column will not be added into the crossfooter.

In the fourteenth column, a sub-total is taken from the B register and transferred to the crossfooter. This adds the 587950 standing in the register to the 4917400 standing in the crossfooter. The total in the crossfooter is now 5505350. Another subtotal is taken in the fifteenth column, bringing the total in the crossfooter to 6093300. In the sixteenth column, a

total is taken from the B register and transasoam ferred to the crossfooter. This brings the total in the crossfooter to 6681250, which is the correct product of times 53450.

In the seventeenth column, the date, multiplier and multiplicand are printed, as explained above, and since the multiplicand was printed by totaling the A register, this register is now in condition to receive a new multiplicand. The cycle in the seventeenth column also acts as a spacing stroke so that a total can be taken from the crossfooter in the eighteenth column.

In the eighteenth column, the total is taken from the crossfooter and printed as the product.

Since a total was taken from the B register in the sixteenth column and a total from the crossfooter in the eighteenth column, these two totalizers are in condition to begin a new multiplying operation.

Non-print lugs in the magazines in columns 1 to 16 prevent printing of amounts while the multiplying operation is taking place. The absence of non-print lugs in the seventeenth and eighteenth columns allows printing to take place at these points. A paper feeding lug in the eighteenth column spaces the paper for printing of the next problem.

It should be noted that after the motor bar is depressed to start the machine in the first column, motor repeat lugs in all the other columns where the carriage is stopped produces a completely automatic operation after the machine is once started.

Avoiding the necessity of using three cycles to multiply by 9 in the units and tens order 0/ the multiplier When it is necessary to multiply by a number such as 19, this requires, in the first stage of the multiplication, four cycles, one cycle for the 1 in the tens order, and three cycles for the 0 in the units order. To avoid the necessity of four cycles for such a number, mechanism is provided to make it possible to multiply by 20 additively and by 1 subtractively. This procedure gives the desired product and requires only two cycles.

To do this, slides b are provided in the second and sixth columnar positions (see Figure 12). By releasing slide b in the second column, together with slide a, the multiplicand is subtracted in the crossfooter. Therefore, if a 2 is set up in the tens order instead of a 1, the carriage stops only in the second and seventh columns in the first stage of multiplying, whereas if the conventional method is used, it is necessary to stop in the second, third, fourth and sixth columns.

To obtain the same advantage when using a number such as 190, the same procedure is followed by using slides a and b in the sixth column, and if a number such as 189 is to be used as a multiplier, slides a and b in both the second and sixth columns would be used. In this instance, the multiplicand would be multiplied by 200 additively and by 11 subtractively.

A still greater saving appears when a number such as 199 is to be used as a multiplier. In this instance, the multiplicand would be multiplied by a multiplier of 200 additively and l subtractively, by the use of slides a and b in the second column. In this instance, instead of using seven cycles in the first stage, to multiply by 199, only two cycles would be usedone in the second column and one in the eleventh column.

Definitions Wherever the word "cycle appears in the claims, it is intended to identify one complete oscillation of the actuating shaft 6, during which an amount set up in the indexing mechanism may be entered once in the crossfooter, or in a register, or both, or during which a total or subtotal may be taken from the crossfooter or a register.

Wherever the word automatically is used in the claims, it is intended to convey the thought that the function or operation so described takes place without attention or intervention of the operator.

The expression decimally progressed multiple is intended to mean a number that is larger than another number by ten times the value of the second mentioned number.

Wherever the word component appears in the claims, it is intended to mean a part or portion of a whole.

Limitations The only limitations restricting the size of the multiplicand are the number of decimal orders provided in the indexing mechanism, and the number of type bars provided for printing the product.

The only limitations restricting the size of the multiplier are the space required on the carriage for the magazines used in setting up the multiplier, and the number of type bars provided in the machine for printing the product.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form of embodiment herein disclosed, for it is susceptiblefof embodiment in various forms all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the class described, a multiplier set up device, means on said multiplier set up device to receive representations of multiplier digits, a multiplicand set up device, two subproduct accumulators, entry effecting means controlled by said multiplicand set up device, means for progressively advancing the multiplier set up device for controlling said entry effecting means in accordance with the representations of successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, means controlled from said multiplier set up device to control the multiplicand set up device so as to raise the multiplicand in said set up device to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, and means controlled by said multiplier set up device to perform plural total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators.

2. In a machine of the class described, a multiplier set up device, means on said multiplier set up device to receive representations of multiplier digits, a multiplicand set up device, two subproduct accumulators, entry effecting means controlled by said multiplicand set up device, means for progressively advancing the multiplier set up device for controlling said entry effecting means til in accordance with the representations of successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, means controlled from said multiplier set up device to control the multiplicand set up device so as to raise the multiplicand in said set up device to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, means controlled by said multiplier set up device to perform plural total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators, and means to control operation of the machine so that the operations of entering of the multiplicand and the tens multiples of the multiplicand, and the total transfer operations are performed in continuous operation of the machine.

3. In a machine of the class described, a multiplier set up device, means on said multiplier set up device to receive representations of multiplier digits, a multiplicand set up device, two subproduct accumulators, entry effecting means controlled by said multiplicand set up device, means for progressively advancing the multiplier set up device for controlling said entry effecting means in accordance with the representations of successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof .by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, mean controlled from said multiplier set up device to control the multiplicand set up device so as to raise the multiplicand in said set up device to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, and means controlled by said multiplier set up device to perform three total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators.

4. In a machine of the class described, a multiplier set up device, means on said multiplier set up device to receive representations of multiplier digits, a keyboard on which a number representing a multiplicand may be entered, indexing mechanism set up by operation of the keyboard for retaining the number, two subproduct accumulators, entry effecting means controlled by said indexing mechanism, means for progressively advancing the multiplier set up device for controlling said entry effecting means in accordance with the representations of successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, means controlled from said multiplier set up device to control the indexing mechanism so as to raise the multiplicand in said indexing mechanism to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, and means controlled by said multiplier set up device to perform plural total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators.

5. In a machine of the class described, a paper carriage movable to a plurality of positions, means on the carriage to receive representations of multiplier digits, a multiplicand set up device, two subproduct accumulators, entry eiiecting means controlled by said multiplicand set up device, means for progressively advancing the car riage from one position to another for controlling said entry effecting means in accordance with the representations of successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, means controlled from said carriage to control the multiplicand set up device so as to raise the multiplicand in said set up device to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, and means controlled by said carriage to perform plural total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators.

6. In a machine of the class described, a paper carriage movable to a plurality of positions, means on the carriage to receive representations asoasse of multiplier digits, a multiplicand set up device, two subproduct accumulators, entry eflecting means controlled by said multiplicand set up device, means for progressively advancing the carriage irom one position to another for controlling said entry effecting means in accordance with the representations oi successive multiplier digits to cause one or more entries of the multiplicand and tens multiples thereof by said entry effecting means in one or both of said accumulators in accordance with the digital values of the multiplier, means controlled from said carriage to control the multiplicand set up device so as to raise the multiplicand in said set up device to the next ten multiple thereof intermediate the entries in said accumulators for the successive multiplier digits, means controlled by said carriage to perform plural total transfer operations between said accumulators after the entries in accordance with the multiplier digit values are completed, whereby a final product is obtained in one of said accumulators, means for supporting a work sheet on the carriage, and means controlled by said carriage to record the product on the said work sheet after said total transfer operations are completed.

KENNETH C. ATWA'I'ER. 

